{"id":227,"date":"2015-07-07T08:20:11","date_gmt":"2015-07-07T02:50:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/doctorsquiz.com\/updates\/?p=227"},"modified":"2015-07-07T08:27:06","modified_gmt":"2015-07-07T02:57:06","slug":"high-yield-point-for-basic-immunology-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/doctorsquiz.com\/updates\/2015\/07\/07\/high-yield-point-for-basic-immunology-2015","title":{"rendered":"HIGH YIELD POINT FOR BASIC IMMUNOLOGY 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"

HIGH YIELD POINT FOR BASIC IMMUNOLOGY\u00a0 2015<\/em><\/h4>\n
\"\"
<\/em> WWW.DOCTORSQUIZ.COM<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
HIGH YIELD POINT FOR BASIC IMMUNOLOGY\u00a0 2015<\/em><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Human leukocyte antigens and different classes:<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n

The human leukocyte antigen system (HLA) is the name of the major histocompatibility complex<\/em><\/h4>\n

(MHC) in humans.<\/strong> It is located on chromosome 6. Two different classes.<\/em><\/h4>\n

HLA class 1 [MHC-1]: HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C<\/em><\/h4>\n

HLA class 2 [MHC-2]: HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR<\/em><\/h4>\n

Location of MHC-1 &amp; MHC-2 antigens:<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-1: All nucleated cells &amp; platelets (NO MHC on RBC)<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-2: Antigen Presenting cells (Dendritic cells, langerhans cells, activated macrophage, B-cells, activated T-cells &amp; activated endothelial cells)<\/em><\/h4>\n

Important-<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-1 is necessary for antigen recognition by CD8+ T-cells<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-2 is necessary for antigen recognition by CD4+ T-cells<\/em><\/h4>\n

Difference:<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-1: React with ENDOGENOUSLY produce peptides by virus, intracellular bacteria, intracellular parasites and tumor cells<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-2: React with EXOGENOUSLY PROCESSED antigens<\/em><\/h4>\n

Handling of organisms:<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-1: It works with intracellular organisms so after reacting with endogenously processed antigen, \u03b22<\/em><\/h4>\n

microglobulin transports MHC class-1 molecules to the cell surface where it can be recognized by CD 8<\/em><\/h4>\n

T-cells and organisms are then killed by CD8 T-cells<\/em><\/h4>\n

MHC-2: It works with Extracellular organisms so once organisms engulfed, MHC class-2 molecule fuse with vacuole containing exogenously processed antigen, invariant chain is released and MHC-2-peptide complex is then transported to the cell surface where it can be recognized by CD 4 T-cells. Invariant chain prevents interaction b\/w endogenously produced peptide and MHC-2 molecules intracellularly<\/em><\/h4>\n

How does ADCC [Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity] and NK cells mediated cytotoxicity differed?<\/em><\/h4>\n

ADCC: IgG + NK cells \u2192 use CD 16 molecule (Fc receptor) to identify target cells.<\/em><\/h4>\n

NK cells mediated cytotoxicity: use CD 56 (No antibody involve Ex.- lysis of infected RBC)<\/em><\/h4>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/h4>\n
\"WWW.DOCTORSQUIZ.COM\"
<\/em> WWW.DOCTORSQUIZ.COM<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n


\nComplement system:<\/strong><\/em><\/h4>\n


\nClassical Pathway:<\/strong> activated by antigen-Ab reaction (IgG &amp; IgM, IgM most efficient) [start point C1] [C1 – C4 – C2 – C3] [C4bC2a is C3-convertase] [C4bC2aC3b (C5-convertase) splits C5 into C5a &amp; C5b which then form C5b,6,7,8,9]<\/em><\/h4>\n

Alternative Pathway:<\/strong> C3 hydrolyze spontaneously in our body into C3a &amp; C3b. If there is a pathogenic membrane surface nearby, C3b binds to it. If not, both C3a &amp; C3b rejoin. Upon binding with a cellular membrane, C3b is bound by factor B to form C3bB. This complex in presence of factor D will be cleaved into Ba and Bb. Bb will remain covalently bonded to C3b to form C3bBb which is the alternative pathway C3-convertase.<\/em><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

HIGH YIELD POINT FOR BASIC IMMUNOLOGY\u00a0 2015 HIGH YIELD POINT FOR BASIC IMMUNOLOGY\u00a0 2015 \u00a0 Human leukocyte antigens and different classes: The human leukocyte antigen system (HLA) is the name of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in humans. It is located on chromosome 6. Two different classes. HLA class 1 [MHC-1]: HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C HLA…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[28,37,5,29],"tags":[97,46,49,50,96,124,125,52,110,118,126,101,130,129,111,107,99,131,115,127,112,98,100,116,114,113,60,128,64,120,121,65,108,109,117,119,68,123],"class_list":["post-227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aipgmee","category-dnb-cet","category-dq-online-notes","category-fmge","tag-aiims","tag-aipgmee","tag-dermatology","tag-dnb-cet","tag-dnb-pdcet","tag-doctors","tag-doctors-day-2015","tag-fmge","tag-forensic-medicine-questions-medicine","tag-free-pg-mock","tag-happy-doctors-day-2015","tag-high-yield-notes-physiology-dnb-cet","tag-indian-national-guideline-for-balika-samriddhi-yojana-bsy","tag-infant-nutrition","tag-internal-medicine","tag-latest-mcq-in-anatomy-microbiology","tag-mock","tag-national-schemes","tag-notes","tag-nutrition","tag-online-medicine-notes-microbiology-notes-ophthalmology","tag-online-mock-test","tag-online-notes","tag-online-notes-pathology","tag-ophthalmology-notes","tag-ophthalmology-question","tag-orthopedic","tag-pregnency","tag-psm","tag-psm-online-notes","tag-psm-question","tag-psychiatry","tag-psychiatrynotes","tag-psychiatryquestions-forensic-medicine","tag-questions","tag-radiology-questions","tag-upsc-cms","tag-upsc-cms-combined-medical-services-and-various-pgpost-graduate-mdm"],"yoast_head":"\nHIGH 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